BASIC MATHEMATICS FORM FOUR SYLLABUS.

FORM IV  - MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS

Objectives of Teaching Basic Mathematics The main objectives of teaching Basic Mathematics in Tanzania secondary schools are: - To promote the development and application of Mathematical skills in intepreting the world and solving practical problems in daily life. - To provide pupils with mathematical tools and logical thinking which they can apply in understanding better other subjects; - To develop a foundation of mathematical knowledge, techniques and skills for studying mathematics and related subjects at higher levels of education. Content Selection and Organization The mathematics content included in the syllabus is a continuation of that covered at primary school level. The topic, sub-topics objectives, teaching/learning activities and teaching aids have been carefully selected and organized so as to promote the achievement of the objectives of education and those of mathematics. The arrange­ment of content is spiral to meet the level of understanding of the pupils. Choice and Use of Instructional and Study Materials The teacher should do the selection of mathematics instructional and study materials by applying his/her academic and professional knowledge and skills to judge the suitability of the books. The teacher will be expected to guide and advise students on how best to use textbooks and other textual materials available at school or in libraries. For successful teaching and learning of mathematics, the teacher and pupils will need teaching aids. The teacher should ensure that relevant teaching aids are available and are used effectively. Together with the pupils, he/she should improvise and make possible teaching aids by using locally available resource materials The aids sh6uld be kept in a specific place or room for easy location and sustainable use. It is important that every pupil should posses a set of geometrical instruments to make the learning of geometry-oriented topics easy. Methods of Teaching and Learning Mathematics The teacher is advised to use various methods of teaching according to the nature of the topic with the aim of achieving the laid down Objectives. The methods chosen should be geared to student centredness, enquiry and discovery. The teaching and learning activities contained in the syllabus serve as a guide and are not binding. Students should be encouraged to participate actively in discussions, questioning and answering questions, making case studies and visiting areas relevant to mathematics topics. The students can also achieve more from lessons which allow them to make observations and to make analysis of mathematically oriented problems. Assessment of Student Progress and Performance It is expected that every mathematics teacher will periodically assess his or her 'students performance in order to identify their strengths and weakness. In this way it will be possible to help the weak and encourage the strong students. Such assignments should be marked regularly and feedback given back to students. The students should be given homework and tests regularly. These assignments help to indicate and check attainment levels of the students. Also the students exercise books should always be marked and necessary corrections made before the teacher and students can proceed to other topics or subtopics. At the end of Form IV, the students will be expected to do the national examination in math­ematics. The continuous assessment, class tests as well as final terminal examinations will help to determine the effectiveness of content, materials, teacher's methods of teaching as well as the extent to which the objectives of teaching mathematics have been achieved. Instructional time The number of periods enough for teaching this syllabus per week is as specified by the Ministry of Education and Culture. The teacher is advised to make maximum use of the allocated time. Lost instructional time should always be compensated without fail. FORM ONE  OBJECTIVES After completing form one,  the pupils should be able to:   1.      Perform computations on numbers, fractions, decimals and percentages  using basic operations. 2.      Make conversions and  do computations on basic unit; 3.      Use approximations in solving simple problems 4.      Construct and draw geometrical figures, measure lengths and angles and find the angles of a polygon, 5.      Use the basic algebraic operations in solving equations and inequalities in one or two unknowns; 6.      Represent and interpret data by using pictograms, bar charts, line graphs and pie charts, 7.      Draw graphs  o linear equations of a line and determine a solution of simultaneous equation graphically; 8.      Find area of a  simple geometrical figures; 9.      Find volume of a simple geometrical figures; 10.  Compute ratios, profit and loss, simple interest, discount and apply them in relevant fields. FORM FOUR OBJECTIVES After completing form Four, The pupils should be able to:   1.      Form an equation of a line, calculate distance between two points and do problems on parallel and perpendicular lines in two dimensional geometry. 2.      Derive and apply the formulas for areas and volumes of geometrical figures. 3.      Calculate the probability on an event and perform simple combination of probabilities. 4.      Draw graphs of simple trigonometrically functions and apply sine and cosine rules to solve problems. 5.      Find the sum, difference and scalar multiplication of vectors and hence use the   knowledge to solve practical problems. 6.      Draw three-dimensional figures using oblique projections. 7.      Find the angle between a line  an a plane, and between two [lanes in 3 – dimensional geometry. 8.      Use 2 x 2 matrices to solve simultaneously equations and apply  matrix transformations in reflections, rotations, translations and enlargements. 9.      Apply the knowledge of linear programming  in solving simple real life problems TOPICS 1.COORDINATE GEOMETRY   1.1.  The equation of a line 1.2.  Midpoint of a line segment 1.3.  Distance between two points 1.4.  Parallel and perpendicular lines 2.  AREAS AND VOLUMES   2.1.  Areas 2.2.  Volumes   3.  PROBABILITY   3.1.  Probability of an event 3.2.  Combination of probabilities 3.3.  Mutually exclusive events 3.4.  Independent events 4.  TRIGONOMETRY 4.1.  Trigonometrical ratios 4.2.  sine, cosine and tangent functions 4.3.  sine and cosine rules 5.  VECTORS   5.1.  Displacement and position vectors 5.2.  Magnitude and direction of a vector 5.3.  Sum and difference of vectors 5.4.  Multiplication of a vector by a scalar 5.5.  Application of vectors 6.  THREE DIMENTIONAL GEOMETRY   6.1.  Drawings 6.2.  Angle between a line and a plane 6.3.  Angles between two planes   7.  MATRICES AND TRANSFORMATIONS   7.1.  Operations on Matrices 7.2.  Inverse of a  matrix 7.3.  Matrices and Transformations   8.  LINEAR  PROGRAMMING 8.1.  Simultaneous equations 8.2.  Inequalities 8.3.  The objective function 8.4.  Maximum and minimum values.