AGRICULTURE --- GEOGRAPHY FORM
TWO ----QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS.
---DEFINITION
OF AGRICULTURE
---TYPES
OF FARMING SYSTEMS
{a}. Small Agriculture.—@Shifting
Cultivation. @.Bush fallowing. {b}. Large
Scale Agriculture/Commercial
agriculture:-- @.Plantation agriculture
.
---LIVESTOCK
KEEPING/ FARMING
{a}. Traditional{subsistence} livestock
farming. {b}. Sedentary livestock
farming.
{c}. Commercial
livestock farming.
SECTION A :
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS.
{1}. What
is agriculture ? A.Arable
farming and domestication
of animals.
B. Crop production and
fish farming.
C.Livestock
husbandry only.
D.Cultivation
of crops in
a very large
piece of land.
{2}.Which
one among the
following is an
importance of agriculture :--
A.Food production
for both people
and animals.
B.Provides
raw materials to
the growing industrial
sector.
C. Creates
unemployment. D. Foreign exchange
earner.
{3}.One of
the following is
not a factor
influencing agricultural development :-- A. Climate.
B. Rainfall. C. Temperature Variation. D. Pressure.
{4}.Intensive
farming means :--
B.Large
amount of capital
is not used
for a very
large piece of
land.
C. Very small piece
of land is
cultivated locally.
D.Subsistence
farming basically for
food supply in
the family.
{5}.Extensive
farming can be
defined as :--
A. Large
areas of land
are worked by
a small labour
force.
B. Commercial farming
where production is
intended for sale
and food.
C.Refers
to horticulture production
ina a small
piece of land.
D.Farming
whereby people move
from place to
another seasonally.
{6}.Nomadic
farming in agricultural
activities refers to
:-
A.Animal
keeping through moving
from one place
to another.
B.Permanent
cultivation of cash
crops.
C.Keeping animals by
zero grazing D.
Crop cultivation of
food stuff crops
only.
{7}.Which
among the following
is not a
characteristic of shifting
cultivation ? A.Sites are
selected in the
virgin forest.
B. Simple tools
are used like
hand hoes.
C.Few
crops are grown , mostly starchy
crops.
D.Keeping
animals and crops
cultivation.
{8}.Plantation in
agricultural system is
also called :__
A.Small
scale agriculture. B.Intensive
subsistence farming.
C.Large
scale agriculture. D. Sedentary
shifting method
{9}.Slash
and burn in
agricultural system is
also called :--
A.Shifting cultivation
system. B.Rotational bush
fallowing.
C.Semi—nomadic
or Semi—sedentary.
D.Commercial
mixed farming.
{10}.The
following groups are
examples of cash
crops except ?
A.Cotton, tea
,pyrethrum and cocoa.
B. Oil palm
,Cotton , Coffee ,tea and cloves.
C.Wheat , maize , sweet potatoes
and yams. D.Pyrethrum, cocoa and
tea.
{11}.Ranching
in agriculture means :--
A. Keeping animals
in a large
piece of land.
B.Small
number of animals
of few cattle
kept in a
large piece of
land.
C.Crop
Cultivation and animal
husbandry are practiced.
D. Animal keeping in urban areas.
{12}.Limitations of
agriculture in China
include :--
A.Floods
or Great sorrow
of China. B. Problems
of land ownership.
C. Problems
of Soil erosion.
D. Lack of
mechanization.
{13}. What
one lessons has
Tanzania learnt from
the farming in
China ?
A. Great government
involvement in agriculture.
B. Involvement
of the local
people.
C.
Development of technology
advancement.
D.Cooperative
associations in the
agricultural sector.
{14}. The
three major tea
growing areas in
Tanzania are :--
A. Usambara
mountains , Southern highlands
and West lake
regions
B.Tabora , Mwanza
and Usambara
C.Dar—es—salaam, Morogoro and
Ruvuma
D. Lupembe{Njombe }, Dodoma and
Musoma.
{15}.Transhumance
in agriculture means :---
A.Seasonal movement
of people with
cattle.
B.Permanent
keeping of animals
in a virgin
piece of land.
C.Movement
of people from
one area to
another.
D. Permanent
and seasonal crop
cultivation.
{16}.Commercial
livestock farming involves
the following except :--
A.Extensive , ranches ,
beef and dairy
farming.
B.Sedentary , Semi—nomadic and
plantations.
C. Arable
farming , peasants and ranching
D. Semi-sedentary ,
Settler , peasant and trans—humance.
{17}. Mixed
farming in agriculture
means :---
A. Keeping
animals and growing
of crops in the
same farm.
C. Growing
more than one
crop at the
sam field.
D.Keeping
more than two
types of cattle
breeds.
SECTION B:
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS.
{18}.What
is agriculture ?
ANSWER: Agriculture is the science
of growing crops
and livestock keeping. OR Agriculture refers
to the human
activity that involves
the cultivation of
crops/ arable farming and
keeping of animals/ livestock keeping or
farming or livestock
husbandry or pastoral farming. Agriculture is
an art that
involves cultivation of crops
and animal keeping.
ANSWER: SHIFTING CULTIVATION is
a traditional system
of cultivation in
which a peasnt
keeps on moving
from one place
to another. This system
is common in
rain forest and
miombo woodland in
Savanna. It
operates where population
is sparse ,people farm
and move to
another fresh land
when the yields
are low due
to soil exhaustion.
BUSH
FALLOWING
is the system
of farming in
which peasants cultivate
a certain piece
of land till
it gets exhausted
and leaves it
for a certain
period of time
to regain its
fertility.
NOTE: BUSH
FALLOWING is not
so different from
SHIFTING CULTIVATION but
they differ due
to the fact
BUSH FALLOWING practices
permanent settlement while
SHIFTING CULTIVATION is
based on Movement.
{20}.Define the
following terms, {a}.
Sedentary farming. {b}.
Mixed farming
ANSWER:
SEDENTARY LIVESTOCK FARMING is
the system of
livestock keeping whereby
the animals are
kept at one
permanent place. They are not
moved from one
grazing place to
another.
{21}. Differentiate between
SMALL SCALE AGRICULTURE
and LARGE SCALE
AGRICULTURE.
ANSWER: SMALL SCALE
AGRICULTURE is a
farming sytem whereby
a farmer owns
a small piece
of land for
food and cash
crops cultivation and
small scale animal
husbandry. Usually the farm
size ranges between
1—5 hectares owned
by a single
family. This farming
system also known
as SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE.
{22}.{a}.Explain the
effects of rapid population growth
on small scale
scale farming.
ANSWER: POPULATION can be
described as the
number of people
in a given
geographical area. OVERPOPULATION or
POPULATION PRESSURE is
referred to as
the situation whereby
there are more
people than resources
which support the
standard of living
of a given
area.
The
effects of rapid
population growth on
small scale farming
include :-
-----Poor
living conditions. -----Shortage of
food leading unresistance
to disase. -------- High
demand of food
while production is
low. -----Acute shortage
of land , for
example Kilimanjaro.
POPULATION
PRESSURE is caused
by controlled death
rates , by improving medicines ,
hygiene, nutrition and housing.
{23}.
What are the
advantages of SMALL
SCALE AGRICULTURE ?
ANSWER: {a}.It is
cheap because of
the use of
simple tools , use of
locally produced manure
and local seeds. {b}.It provides food required to
feed the population , for example ,
maize , millet and
wheat. Also , it provides employment
to people. {c}.It
has encouraged the
development of settlement
among the farmers.
{d}. It provides
raw materials for the
industries like cotton ,
tobacco , tea, and coffee, thus
it brings about
foreign currency after
being exported. {e}.
It needs a
small area of
land encourages the
environmental conservation.
{24}.Briefly explain
the term livestock
keeping.
ANSWER:
This is the
rearing of domestic
animals such as
cattle , sheep , goats ,
pigs, poultry ,camels and
donkeys.
{25}.Name
the three {3} major
types of livestock keeping
systems.
ANSWER: {a}.
Traditionary livestock farming.
{b}, Sedentary livestock farming.
{c}. Commercial livestock
farming.
{26}. What are
the problems facing
livestock keeping sector
in Tanzania. OR
Outline
the problems facing
subsistence livestock farming
in East Africa.
ANSWER: {a}. Low
capital to be
invested in
the animal keeping.
For example buying
of chemicals and
good varieties of
animals.
{b}.There
is high disease
incidence affecting the
health of animals
and the farmers.
{c}. High rate of
population growth , which force
the farmers to
produce food only
rather than for
sale. {d}.Poor storage and
processing facilities. {e}.Poor transport
and Communication Systems.
{f}.There
is poor yield
because of animal”s
varieties.
{g}. Low level of
technology among the
farmers. {h}. Poor marketing System. {i}.Religious beliefs
affect livestock farming ,
such that some
people like MOSLEMS
cannot keep animals
like pigs. {j}. Attitude of
the pastoralists who
believe that keeping
of many animals
is a sign
of prestige. {k}.Poor climatic
conditions such as
inadequate rainfall , which
can lead to
shortage of pasture
etc. {l}.Poor quality
of pasture. The grass
is coarse{ rough, not tender}
and unpalatable.
{m}.Rural—urban migration has
led to the
problems of labour supply. {n}.Rustling{cattle stealing} discourage the
pastoralists {o}. Land
conflicts between the
cultivators and the
pastoralists because of
struggle for land. This
problem has been
accelerated by lack
of land tenure
system due to poor agricultural policies.
{27}.Explain the
economic importance of
livestock keeping in
TANZANIA.
ANSWER: {a}.Most
of the livestock
products are for
the domestic market.
{b}.Some livestock
products are exported. Important exports
are live animals , hides and
skins.
{c}.The animals
are a source
of manure, hides and
skin. They are also
potential source of
power for cultivation
and transport.
{d}.Livestock
provides alternative savings
to banks.In this
respect , one can buy
livestock and use
them in future.They
are therefore a
source of investment. {e}.The sub—sector
contributes to national
food supply , converts rangelands
resources into products
suitable for human
consumption and is
a source of
cash income. {f}.It
provides about 30%
of agricultural GDP.
Out of the
sub—sector”s contribution to
GDP, about 40% originates
from beef production , 30%
from milk production
and another 30%
from poultry and
small stock production.
{28}.
What are the
problems facing Cotton
Production in TANZANIA.
ANSWER: {a}.
The price of
cotton in the
World market fluctuates
and therefore causes
changes in profit
made from the
industrial products.
Unexpected
climate changes lower
production hence high
demand which rises
the prices. {b}.
Soil erosion is
inevitable due to
monocroping system. {c}.Poor
transportation from rural
areas.{d}. Pests and diseases ,
for example boll---weevil.
{29}.What
are the Crops
grown in Plantation
Agriculture ?
ANSWER: The
most crops grown
in Plantation Agriculture
can be grouped
into five {5} categories , namely :-- BEVERAGES CROPS—These are
coffee, cocoa , tea and sugarcane. INDUSTRIAL CROPS---Include sisal , rubber,pyrethrum, rubber, jute,
cocoa and tobacco. CEREAL CROPS---Are maize , wheat , rice , and
oats. OILS CROPS---These are
oil palm , nuts, sunflower and
olive oil. FRUITS
AND VEGETABLES---Include spices ,
bananas , grapes ,peaches apricots , pineapples and
pawpaws.
These
crops are grown
in ESTATES and
Plantations in various
areas in the
World. For example :--- PALM
OIL in DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC OF CONGO and
NIGERIA ------RUBBER in
LIBERIA. -----SISAL ESTATE
in TANZANIA. -----TEA in
MALAWI and KENYA ,
SUGAR PLANTATIONS in
SOUTH AFRICA and
TANZANIA , TOBACCO in
ZIMBAMBWE , COFFEE in
TANZANIA, COTTON in
U.S.A.
